package zfs

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os"
	"os/exec"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"gitea.avt.data-center.id/othman.suseno/atlas/internal/models"
)

// Service provides ZFS operations
type Service struct {
	zfsPath   string
	zpoolPath string
}

// New creates a new ZFS service
func New() *Service {
	// Find full paths to zfs and zpool commands
	zfsPath := findCommandPath("zfs")
	zpoolPath := findCommandPath("zpool")

	return &Service{
		zfsPath:   zfsPath,
		zpoolPath: zpoolPath,
	}
}

// findCommandPath finds the full path to a command
func findCommandPath(cmd string) string {
	// Try which first
	if output, err := exec.Command("which", cmd).Output(); err == nil {
		path := strings.TrimSpace(string(output))
		if path != "" {
			return path
		}
	}

	// Try LookPath
	if path, err := exec.LookPath(cmd); err == nil {
		return path
	}

	// Fallback to command name (will use PATH)
	return cmd
}

// translateZFSError converts technical ZFS error messages to user-friendly ones
func translateZFSError(err error, operation, name string) error {
	if err == nil {
		return nil
	}

	errStr := err.Error()

	// Extract the actual ZFS error message (usually after the last colon or in quotes)
	// Common patterns:
	// - "cannot open 'name': no such pool"
	// - "cannot open 'name': dataset does not exist"
	// - "cannot destroy 'name': dataset is busy"

	// Check for common ZFS error patterns
	if strings.Contains(errStr, "no such pool") {
		return fmt.Errorf("pool '%s' tidak ditemukan. Pastikan nama pool benar dan pool sudah dibuat", name)
	}

	if strings.Contains(errStr, "dataset already exists") {
		return fmt.Errorf("dataset '%s' sudah ada. Gunakan nama yang berbeda atau hapus dataset yang sudah ada terlebih dahulu", name)
	}

	if strings.Contains(errStr, "dataset does not exist") || strings.Contains(errStr, "no such dataset") {
		return fmt.Errorf("dataset atau volume '%s' tidak ditemukan. Pastikan nama benar dan sudah dibuat", name)
	}

	if strings.Contains(errStr, "dataset is busy") {
		return fmt.Errorf("dataset atau volume '%s' sedang digunakan. Tutup semua koneksi atau unmount terlebih dahulu", name)
	}

	if strings.Contains(errStr, "operation does not apply to pools") {
		return fmt.Errorf("operasi ini tidak dapat diterapkan pada pool. Gunakan 'Delete Pool' untuk menghapus pool, atau 'Delete Dataset' untuk menghapus dataset di dalam pool")
	}

	if strings.Contains(errStr, "cannot destroy") {
		// Try to extract the reason
		if strings.Contains(errStr, "has children") {
			return fmt.Errorf("tidak dapat menghapus '%s' karena masih memiliki dataset atau snapshot di dalamnya. Hapus semua dataset/snapshot terlebih dahulu, atau gunakan opsi recursive", name)
		}
		if strings.Contains(errStr, "is busy") {
			return fmt.Errorf("tidak dapat menghapus '%s' karena sedang digunakan. Tutup semua koneksi atau unmount terlebih dahulu", name)
		}
		return fmt.Errorf("tidak dapat menghapus '%s'. Pastikan tidak sedang digunakan dan tidak memiliki dataset/snapshot di dalamnya", name)
	}

	if strings.Contains(errStr, "cannot open") {
		return fmt.Errorf("tidak dapat mengakses '%s'. Pastikan nama benar dan resource sudah ada", name)
	}

	// If no pattern matches, return a cleaner version of the error
	// Remove technical details like "sudo failed", "direct execution also failed", etc.
	if strings.Contains(errStr, "sudo failed") || strings.Contains(errStr, "direct execution") {
		// Extract just the ZFS error part
		parts := strings.Split(errStr, ":")
		if len(parts) > 1 {
			// Get the last meaningful part (usually the actual ZFS error)
			lastPart := strings.TrimSpace(parts[len(parts)-1])
			if lastPart != "" {
				return fmt.Errorf("gagal %s '%s': %s", operation, name, lastPart)
			}
		}
	}

	// Fallback: return a user-friendly message with the operation
	return fmt.Errorf("gagal %s '%s': %s", operation, name, errStr)
}

// execCommand executes a shell command and returns output
// For ZFS operations that require elevated privileges, it uses sudo
func (s *Service) execCommand(name string, args ...string) (string, error) {
	// Commands that require root privileges
	privilegedCommands := []string{"zpool", "zfs"}
	useSudo := false

	for _, cmd := range privilegedCommands {
		if strings.Contains(name, cmd) {
			useSudo = true
			break
		}
	}

	var cmd *exec.Cmd
	if useSudo {
		// Use sudo -n (non-interactive) for privileged commands
		// This prevents password prompts and will fail if sudoers is not configured
		sudoArgs := append([]string{"-n", name}, args...)
		cmd = exec.Command("sudo", sudoArgs...)
	} else {
		cmd = exec.Command(name, args...)
	}

	var stdout, stderr bytes.Buffer
	cmd.Stdout = &stdout
	cmd.Stderr = &stderr

	err := cmd.Run()
	if err != nil && useSudo {
		// Log that sudo failed
		log.Printf("sudo command failed, trying direct execution: %s %v (error: %v, stderr: %s)", name, args, err, stderr.String())

		// If sudo failed, try running the command directly
		// (user might already have permissions or be root)
		directCmd := exec.Command(name, args...)
		var directStdout, directStderr bytes.Buffer
		directCmd.Stdout = &directStdout
		directCmd.Stderr = &directStderr

		directErr := directCmd.Run()
		if directErr == nil {
			// Direct execution succeeded, return that result
			log.Printf("direct command execution succeeded (without sudo)")
			return strings.TrimSpace(directStdout.String()), nil
		}
		// Both sudo and direct failed, return the direct error (usually cleaner)
		log.Printf("both sudo and direct execution failed - sudo error: %v, direct error: %v", err, directErr)
		log.Printf("sudo stderr: %s, direct stderr: %s", stderr.String(), directStderr.String())
		// Return the direct error (usually has the actual ZFS error message)
		return "", fmt.Errorf("%s: %s", name, strings.TrimSpace(directStderr.String()))
	}

	if err != nil {
		log.Printf("command execution failed: %s %v (error: %v, stderr: %s)", name, args, err, stderr.String())
		return "", fmt.Errorf("%s: %s", name, strings.TrimSpace(stderr.String()))
	}

	return strings.TrimSpace(stdout.String()), nil
}

// ListPools returns all ZFS pools
func (s *Service) ListPools() ([]models.Pool, error) {
	output, err := s.execCommand(s.zpoolPath, "list", "-H", "-o", "name,size,allocated,free,health")
	if err != nil {
		// Return empty slice instead of nil to ensure JSON encodes as [] not null
		return []models.Pool{}, err
	}

	pools := []models.Pool{}
	lines := strings.Split(output, "\n")
	for _, line := range lines {
		if line == "" {
			continue
		}

		fields := strings.Fields(line)
		if len(fields) < 5 {
			continue
		}

		pool := models.Pool{
			Name:   fields[0],
			Status: "ONLINE", // Default, will be updated from health
			Health: fields[4],
		}

		// Parse sizes (handles K, M, G, T suffixes)
		if size, err := parseSize(fields[1]); err == nil {
			pool.Size = size
		}
		if allocated, err := parseSize(fields[2]); err == nil {
			pool.Allocated = allocated
		}
		if free, err := parseSize(fields[3]); err == nil {
			pool.Free = free
		}

		// Get pool status
		status, _ := s.execCommand(s.zpoolPath, "status", "-x", pool.Name)
		if strings.Contains(status, "all pools are healthy") {
			pool.Status = "ONLINE"
		} else if strings.Contains(status, "DEGRADED") {
			pool.Status = "DEGRADED"
		} else if strings.Contains(status, "FAULTED") {
			pool.Status = "FAULTED"
		}

		// Get creation time
		created, _ := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, "get", "-H", "-o", "value", "creation", pool.Name)
		if t, err := time.Parse("Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 2006", created); err == nil {
			pool.CreatedAt = t
		}

		pools = append(pools, pool)
	}

	return pools, nil
}

// GetPool returns a specific pool
func (s *Service) GetPool(name string) (*models.Pool, error) {
	pools, err := s.ListPools()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	for _, pool := range pools {
		if pool.Name == name {
			return &pool, nil
		}
	}

	return nil, fmt.Errorf("pool %s not found", name)
}

// CreatePool creates a new ZFS pool
func (s *Service) CreatePool(name string, vdevs []string, options map[string]string) error {
	args := []string{"create"}

	if options == nil {
		options = make(map[string]string)
	}

	// Add -f flag to force creation even if devices have existing filesystems
	// This handles cases where devices are "in use" or contain "unknown filesystem"
	args = append(args, "-f")

	// If mountpoint is not explicitly set, use dedicated storage directory
	mountpoint := options["mountpoint"]
	if mountpoint == "" {
		// Default mountpoint: /storage/pools/{poolname}
		mountpoint = "/storage/pools/" + name
		options["mountpoint"] = mountpoint
	}

	// Pre-create the mountpoint directory with sudo (non-blocking - log errors but continue)
	if mountpoint != "none" {
		if err := s.createMountpointWithSudo(mountpoint); err != nil {
			// Log the error but don't fail - ZFS might still create the pool
			// The mountpoint can be fixed later if needed
			log.Printf("warning: failed to pre-create mountpoint %s: %v (continuing anyway)", mountpoint, err)
		}
	}

	// handle canmount as DATASET property not the vdev property
	canmount := "noauto"
	if v, ok := options["canmount"]; ok && v != "" {
		canmount = v
	}

	delete(options, "canmount")

	// Set canmount=noauto to prevent automatic mounting during creation
	// This allows pool creation to succeed even if mountpoint can't be created
	// if _, hasCanmount := options["canmount"]; !hasCanmount {
	// 	options["canmount"] = "noauto"
	// }

	// IMPORTANT: Don't set mountpoint during pool creation
	// ZFS tries to mount immediately during creation, which can fail
	// We'll set mountpoint after pool is created
	mountpointOption := options["mountpoint"]
	delete(options, "mountpoint") // Remove from options temporarily

	// Add remaining options
	for k, v := range options {
		args = append(args, "-o", fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", k, v))
	}

	args = append(args, "-O", fmt.Sprintf("canmount=%s", canmount))

	args = append(args, name)

	// Normalize vdev paths - ensure they start with /dev/ if they don't already
	normalizedVdevs := make([]string, 0, len(vdevs))
	for _, vdev := range vdevs {
		vdev = strings.TrimSpace(vdev)
		if vdev == "" {
			continue
		}
		// If vdev doesn't start with /dev/ or /, assume it's a device name and add /dev/
		if !strings.HasPrefix(vdev, "/dev/") && !strings.HasPrefix(vdev, "/") {
			vdev = "/dev/" + vdev
		}
		normalizedVdevs = append(normalizedVdevs, vdev)
	}

	if len(normalizedVdevs) == 0 {
		return fmt.Errorf("no valid vdevs provided after normalization")
	}

	args = append(args, normalizedVdevs...)

	// Log the command we're about to run for debugging
	// Note: execCommand will use sudo automatically for zpool commands
	log.Printf("executing zpool create: %s %v", s.zpoolPath, args)
	log.Printf("pool name: %s, original vdevs: %v, normalized vdevs: %v", name, vdevs, normalizedVdevs)

	// Create the pool (without mountpoint to avoid mount errors)
	createOutput, err := s.execCommand(s.zpoolPath, args...)

	// Log the command output for debugging
	if err != nil {
		log.Printf("zpool create command failed - output: %s, error: %v", createOutput, err)
		log.Printf("this error might be a false positive - checking if pool was actually created...")
	} else {
		log.Printf("zpool create command succeeded - output: %s", createOutput)
	}

	// CRITICAL: Always check if pool exists, even if creation reported an error
	// ZFS often reports mountpoint errors but pool is still created successfully
	// Retry checking pool existence up to 3 times with delays
	poolExists := false
	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
		if i > 0 {
			// Wait before retry (100ms, 200ms, 300ms)
			time.Sleep(time.Duration(i*100) * time.Millisecond)
		}

		if existingPools, listErr := s.ListPools(); listErr == nil {
			log.Printf("checking pool existence (attempt %d/%d): found %d pools", i+1, 3, len(existingPools))
			for _, pool := range existingPools {
				if pool.Name == name {
					poolExists = true
					log.Printf("pool %s found after %d check(s)", name, i+1)
					break
				}
			}
		} else {
			log.Printf("warning: failed to list pools during existence check (attempt %d): %v", i+1, listErr)
		}

		if poolExists {
			break
		}
	}

	if poolExists {
		// Pool exists! This is success, regardless of any reported errors
		if err != nil {
			log.Printf("info: pool %s created successfully despite reported error: %v", name, err)
		} else {
			log.Printf("info: pool %s created successfully", name)
		}
		// Clear error since pool was created
		err = nil
	} else if err != nil {
		// Pool doesn't exist and we have an error - return it with full context
		log.Printf("error: pool %s creation failed and pool does not exist", name)
		log.Printf("error details: %v", err)
		log.Printf("command that failed: %s %v", s.zpoolPath, args)
		log.Printf("command output: %s", createOutput)
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create pool %s: %v (command: %s %v)", name, err, s.zpoolPath, args)
	} else {
		// No error reported but pool doesn't exist - this shouldn't happen
		log.Printf("warning: pool %s creation reported no error but pool does not exist", name)
		log.Printf("command output: %s", createOutput)
		return fmt.Errorf("pool %s creation reported success but pool was not found (command: %s %v)", name, s.zpoolPath, args)
	}

	// Pool created successfully - now set mountpoint and mount if needed
	if mountpoint != "none" && mountpointOption != "" && poolExists {
		// Ensure mountpoint directory exists
		if err := s.createMountpointWithSudo(mountpoint); err != nil {
			log.Printf("warning: failed to create mountpoint %s: %v", mountpoint, err)
		}

		// Set mountpoint property on the root filesystem of the pool
		setMountpointArgs := []string{"set", fmt.Sprintf("mountpoint=%s", mountpoint), name}
		if _, setErr := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, setMountpointArgs...); setErr != nil {
			log.Printf("warning: failed to set mountpoint property: %v (pool created but not mounted)", setErr)
			// Don't return error - pool is created successfully
		} else {
			// Try to mount the pool
			mountArgs := []string{"mount", name}
			if _, mountErr := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, mountArgs...); mountErr != nil {
				log.Printf("warning: failed to mount pool: %v (pool created but not mounted)", mountErr)
				// Don't return error - pool is created successfully, just not mounted
			}
		}
	}

	return nil
}

// createMountpointWithSudo creates a mountpoint directory using sudo
// This allows ZFS to mount pools even if root filesystem appears read-only
func (s *Service) createMountpointWithSudo(path string) error {
	// Check if directory already exists
	if _, err := os.Stat(path); err == nil {
		// Directory already exists
		return nil
	}

	// Create parent directories first
	parentDir := ""
	parts := strings.Split(path, "/")
	if len(parts) > 1 {
		// Build parent directory path (skip empty first part from leading /)
		parentParts := []string{}
		for i, part := range parts {
			if i == 0 && part == "" {
				continue // Skip leading empty part
			}
			if i < len(parts)-1 {
				parentParts = append(parentParts, part)
			}
		}
		if len(parentParts) > 0 {
			parentDir = "/" + strings.Join(parentParts, "/")
			if parentDir != "/" {
				// Recursively create parent directories
				if err := s.createMountpointWithSudo(parentDir); err != nil {
					log.Printf("warning: failed to create parent directory %s: %v", parentDir, err)
				}
			}
		}
	}

	// Use sudo to create the directory with proper permissions
	// Try multiple methods to ensure directory is created
	methods := []struct {
		name string
		cmd  *exec.Cmd
	}{
		{"sudo mkdir", exec.Command("sudo", "-n", "mkdir", "-p", path)},
		{"direct mkdir", exec.Command("mkdir", "-p", path)},
	}

	var lastErr error
	for _, method := range methods {
		var stderr bytes.Buffer
		method.cmd.Stderr = &stderr

		if err := method.cmd.Run(); err == nil {
			// Success - verify directory was created and set permissions
			if _, err := os.Stat(path); err == nil {
				// Set proper permissions (755) and ownership if needed
				chmodCmd := exec.Command("sudo", "-n", "chmod", "755", path)
				_ = chmodCmd.Run() // Ignore errors, permissions might already be correct
				return nil
			}
		} else {
			lastErr = fmt.Errorf("%s failed: %v: %s", method.name, err, stderr.String())
			log.Printf("warning: %s failed: %v", method.name, lastErr)
		}
	}

	// All methods failed, but check if directory exists anyway (might have been created by ZFS or another process)
	if _, err := os.Stat(path); err == nil {
		return nil
	}

	return fmt.Errorf("all methods failed to create mountpoint %s: %v", path, lastErr)
}

// DestroyPool destroys a ZFS pool
func (s *Service) DestroyPool(name string) error {
	_, err := s.execCommand(s.zpoolPath, "destroy", name)
	return err
}

// ImportPool imports a ZFS pool
func (s *Service) ImportPool(name string, options map[string]string) error {
	args := []string{"import"}

	// Add options
	for k, v := range options {
		args = append(args, "-o", fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", k, v))
	}

	args = append(args, name)
	_, err := s.execCommand(s.zpoolPath, args...)
	return err
}

// ExportPool exports a ZFS pool
func (s *Service) ExportPool(name string, force bool) error {
	args := []string{"export"}
	if force {
		args = append(args, "-f")
	}
	args = append(args, name)
	_, err := s.execCommand(s.zpoolPath, args...)
	return err
}

// ListAvailablePools returns pools that can be imported
func (s *Service) ListAvailablePools() ([]string, error) {
	output, err := s.execCommand(s.zpoolPath, "import")
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	var pools []string
	lines := strings.Split(output, "\n")
	for _, line := range lines {
		line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
		if line == "" {
			continue
		}
		// Parse pool name from output like "pool: tank"
		if strings.HasPrefix(line, "pool:") {
			parts := strings.Fields(line)
			if len(parts) >= 2 {
				pools = append(pools, parts[1])
			}
		}
	}

	return pools, nil
}

// ScrubPool starts a scrub operation on a pool
func (s *Service) ScrubPool(name string) error {
	_, err := s.execCommand(s.zpoolPath, "scrub", name)
	return err
}

// ScrubStatus represents detailed scrub operation status
type ScrubStatus struct {
	Status      string  `json:"status"`       // idle, in_progress, completed, error
	Progress    float64 `json:"progress"`     // 0-100
	TimeElapsed string  `json:"time_elapsed"` // e.g., "2h 15m"
	TimeRemain  string  `json:"time_remain"`  // e.g., "30m"
	Speed       string  `json:"speed"`        // e.g., "100M/s"
	Errors      int     `json:"errors"`       // number of errors found
	Repaired    int     `json:"repaired"`     // number of errors repaired
	LastScrub   string  `json:"last_scrub"`   // timestamp of last completed scrub
}

// GetScrubStatus returns detailed scrub status with progress
func (s *Service) GetScrubStatus(name string) (*ScrubStatus, error) {
	status := &ScrubStatus{
		Status: "idle",
	}

	// Get pool status
	output, err := s.execCommand(s.zpoolPath, "status", name)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Parse scrub information
	lines := strings.Split(output, "\n")
	inScrubSection := false
	for _, line := range lines {
		line = strings.TrimSpace(line)

		// Check if scrub is in progress
		if strings.Contains(line, "scrub in progress") {
			status.Status = "in_progress"
			inScrubSection = true
			continue
		}

		// Check if scrub completed
		if strings.Contains(line, "scrub repaired") || strings.Contains(line, "scrub completed") {
			status.Status = "completed"
			status.Progress = 100.0
			// Extract repair information
			if strings.Contains(line, "repaired") {
				// Try to extract number of repairs
				parts := strings.Fields(line)
				for i, part := range parts {
					if part == "repaired" && i > 0 {
						// Previous part might be the number
						if repaired, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[i-1]); err == nil {
							status.Repaired = repaired
						}
					}
				}
			}
			continue
		}

		// Parse progress percentage
		if strings.Contains(line, "%") && inScrubSection {
			// Extract percentage from line like "scan: 45.2% done"
			parts := strings.Fields(line)
			for _, part := range parts {
				if strings.HasSuffix(part, "%") {
					if pct, err := strconv.ParseFloat(strings.TrimSuffix(part, "%"), 64); err == nil {
						status.Progress = pct
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// Parse time elapsed
		if strings.Contains(line, "elapsed") && inScrubSection {
			// Extract time like "elapsed: 2h15m"
			parts := strings.Fields(line)
			for i, part := range parts {
				if part == "elapsed:" && i+1 < len(parts) {
					status.TimeElapsed = parts[i+1]
				}
			}
		}

		// Parse time remaining
		if strings.Contains(line, "remaining") && inScrubSection {
			parts := strings.Fields(line)
			for i, part := range parts {
				if part == "remaining:" && i+1 < len(parts) {
					status.TimeRemain = parts[i+1]
				}
			}
		}

		// Parse speed
		if strings.Contains(line, "scan rate") && inScrubSection {
			parts := strings.Fields(line)
			for i, part := range parts {
				if part == "rate" && i+1 < len(parts) {
					status.Speed = parts[i+1]
				}
			}
		}

		// Parse errors
		if strings.Contains(line, "errors:") && inScrubSection {
			parts := strings.Fields(line)
			for i, part := range parts {
				if part == "errors:" && i+1 < len(parts) {
					if errs, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[i+1]); err == nil {
						status.Errors = errs
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	// Get last scrub time from pool properties
	lastScrub, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, "get", "-H", "-o", "value", "lastscrub", name)
	if err == nil && lastScrub != "-" && lastScrub != "" {
		status.LastScrub = strings.TrimSpace(lastScrub)
	}

	return status, nil
}

// ListDatasets returns all datasets in a pool (or all if pool is empty)
func (s *Service) ListDatasets(pool string) ([]models.Dataset, error) {
	args := []string{"list", "-H", "-o", "name,type,used,avail,mountpoint"}
	if pool != "" {
		args = append(args, "-r", pool)
	} else {
		args = append(args, "-r")
	}

	output, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, args...)
	if err != nil {
		// Return empty slice instead of nil to ensure JSON encodes as [] not null
		return []models.Dataset{}, err
	}

	datasets := []models.Dataset{}
	lines := strings.Split(output, "\n")
	for _, line := range lines {
		if line == "" {
			continue
		}

		fields := strings.Fields(line)
		if len(fields) < 5 {
			continue
		}

		fullName := fields[0]
		parts := strings.Split(fullName, "/")
		poolName := parts[0]

		dataset := models.Dataset{
			Name:       fullName,
			Pool:       poolName,
			Type:       fields[1],
			Mountpoint: fields[4],
		}

		if used, err := parseSize(fields[2]); err == nil {
			dataset.Used = used
		}
		if avail, err := parseSize(fields[3]); err == nil {
			dataset.Available = avail
		}
		dataset.Size = dataset.Used + dataset.Available

		// Get creation time
		created, _ := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, "get", "-H", "-o", "value", "creation", fullName)
		if t, err := time.Parse("Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 2006", created); err == nil {
			dataset.CreatedAt = t
		}

		datasets = append(datasets, dataset)
	}

	return datasets, nil
}

// CreateDataset creates a new ZFS dataset
func (s *Service) CreateDataset(name string, options map[string]string) error {
	args := []string{"create"}

	if options == nil {
		options = make(map[string]string)
	}

	// If mountpoint is not explicitly set, use dedicated storage directory
	mountpoint := options["mountpoint"]
	if mountpoint == "" {
		// Extract dataset name (last part after /)
		parts := strings.Split(name, "/")
		datasetName := parts[len(parts)-1]
		// Default mountpoint: /storage/datasets/{datasetname}
		mountpoint = "/storage/datasets/" + datasetName
		options["mountpoint"] = mountpoint
		// Pre-create the mountpoint directory with sudo
		_ = s.createMountpointWithSudo(mountpoint)
	} else if mountpoint != "none" {
		// Ensure mountpoint directory exists with sudo
		_ = s.createMountpointWithSudo(mountpoint)
	}

	// Handle canmount property - set to "on" by default to allow mounting
	canmount := "on"
	if v, ok := options["canmount"]; ok && v != "" {
		canmount = v
	}
	delete(options, "canmount")

	// Add options
	for k, v := range options {
		args = append(args, "-o", fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", k, v))
	}

	// Add canmount property
	args = append(args, "-o", fmt.Sprintf("canmount=%s", canmount))

	args = append(args, name)
	_, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, args...)

	// CRITICAL: Always check if dataset exists, even if creation reported an error
	// ZFS often reports mountpoint errors but dataset is still created successfully
	// Retry checking dataset existence up to 3 times with delays
	datasetExists := false
	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
		if i > 0 {
			// Wait before retry (100ms, 200ms, 300ms)
			time.Sleep(time.Duration(i*100) * time.Millisecond)
		}

		if existingDatasets, listErr := s.ListDatasets(""); listErr == nil {
			log.Printf("checking dataset existence (attempt %d/%d): found %d datasets", i+1, 3, len(existingDatasets))
			for _, ds := range existingDatasets {
				if ds.Name == name {
					datasetExists = true
					log.Printf("dataset %s found after %d check(s)", name, i+1)
					break
				}
			}
		} else {
			log.Printf("warning: failed to list datasets during existence check (attempt %d): %v", i+1, listErr)
		}

		if datasetExists {
			break
		}
	}

	if datasetExists {
		// Dataset exists! This is success, regardless of any reported errors
		if err != nil {
			log.Printf("info: dataset %s created successfully despite reported error: %v", name, err)
		} else {
			log.Printf("info: dataset %s created successfully", name)
		}

		// Dataset created successfully - now set mountpoint and mount if needed
		if mountpoint != "" && mountpoint != "none" {
			// CRITICAL: Create parent directory first if it doesn't exist
			// This is needed because ZFS can't create directories in read-only filesystems
			parentDir := ""
			parts := strings.Split(mountpoint, "/")
			if len(parts) > 1 {
				// Build parent directory path
				parentDir = strings.Join(parts[:len(parts)-1], "/")
				if parentDir == "" {
					parentDir = "/"
				}
				log.Printf("ensuring parent directory exists: %s", parentDir)
				_ = s.createMountpointWithSudo(parentDir)
			}

			// CRITICAL: Create mountpoint directory BEFORE setting mountpoint property
			// ZFS will try to create it during mount, but may fail on read-only filesystem
			// So we create it explicitly with sudo first
			log.Printf("creating mountpoint directory: %s", mountpoint)
			if err := s.createMountpointWithSudo(mountpoint); err != nil {
				log.Printf("warning: failed to create mountpoint %s: %v (will try to continue)", mountpoint, err)
			} else {
				log.Printf("mountpoint directory created successfully: %s", mountpoint)
			}

			// Set mountpoint property on the dataset
			log.Printf("setting mountpoint property: %s = %s", name, mountpoint)
			setMountpointArgs := []string{"set", fmt.Sprintf("mountpoint=%s", mountpoint), name}
			if _, setErr := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, setMountpointArgs...); setErr != nil {
				log.Printf("warning: failed to set mountpoint property: %v (dataset created but mountpoint not set)", setErr)
			} else {
				log.Printf("mountpoint property set successfully")

				// Wait a moment for mountpoint to be registered
				time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)

				// Ensure directory exists again (ZFS might have cleared it or parent might be read-only)
				// Try creating parent and child directories
				if parentDir != "" && parentDir != "/" {
					_ = s.createMountpointWithSudo(parentDir)
				}
				_ = s.createMountpointWithSudo(mountpoint)

				// Try to mount the dataset - ZFS will create the directory if it doesn't exist
				// But we need to ensure parent is writable
				log.Printf("attempting to mount dataset: %s", name)
				mountArgs := []string{"mount", name}
				if _, mountErr := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, mountArgs...); mountErr != nil {
					log.Printf("warning: failed to mount dataset: %v (dataset created but not mounted)", mountErr)

					// If mount failed due to read-only filesystem, try using legacy mount
					if strings.Contains(mountErr.Error(), "Read-only file system") || strings.Contains(mountErr.Error(), "read-only") {
						log.Printf("detected read-only filesystem issue, trying alternative approach")
						// Try to remount parent as rw if possible, or use a different mountpoint
						// For now, just log the issue - user may need to manually mount
						log.Printf("error: cannot mount dataset due to read-only filesystem at %s. You may need to manually mount it or fix filesystem permissions", mountpoint)
					} else {
						// Try one more time after a short delay for other errors
						time.Sleep(300 * time.Millisecond)
						if _, mountErr2 := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, mountArgs...); mountErr2 != nil {
							log.Printf("warning: second mount attempt also failed: %v", mountErr2)
						} else {
							log.Printf("info: dataset %s mounted successfully at %s (on second attempt)", name, mountpoint)
						}
					}
				} else {
					log.Printf("info: dataset %s mounted successfully at %s", name, mountpoint)
				}
			}
		}

		// Clear error since dataset was created
		return nil
	} else if err != nil {
		// Dataset doesn't exist and we have an error - return translated error
		log.Printf("error: dataset %s creation failed and dataset does not exist", name)
		return translateZFSError(err, "membuat dataset", name)
	} else {
		// No error reported but dataset doesn't exist - this shouldn't happen
		log.Printf("warning: dataset %s creation reported no error but dataset does not exist", name)
		return translateZFSError(fmt.Errorf("dataset creation reported success but dataset was not found"), "membuat dataset", name)
	}
}

// DestroyDataset destroys a ZFS dataset
func (s *Service) DestroyDataset(name string, recursive bool) error {
	// Always try to unmount first, regardless of mounted status
	// This prevents "dataset is busy" errors
	log.Printf("attempting to unmount dataset %s before destroy", name)
	unmountArgs := []string{"umount", name}
	unmountOutput, unmountErr := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, unmountArgs...)
	if unmountErr != nil {
		log.Printf("regular unmount failed for %s: %v (output: %s), trying force unmount", name, unmountErr, unmountOutput)
		// Try force unmount if regular unmount fails
		forceUnmountArgs := []string{"umount", "-f", name}
		forceOutput, forceErr := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, forceUnmountArgs...)
		if forceErr != nil {
			log.Printf("warning: force unmount also failed for %s: %v (output: %s)", name, forceErr, forceOutput)
		} else {
			log.Printf("dataset %s force unmounted successfully", name)
		}
	} else {
		log.Printf("dataset %s unmounted successfully", name)
	}
	// Wait a moment for unmount to complete
	time.Sleep(300 * time.Millisecond)

	// Now destroy the dataset
	args := []string{"destroy"}
	if recursive {
		args = append(args, "-r")
	}
	args = append(args, name)
	destroyOutput, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, args...)
	if err != nil {
		log.Printf("first destroy attempt failed for %s: %v (output: %s)", name, err, destroyOutput)
		// If destroy fails with "dataset is busy", try unmounting again and retry
		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "dataset is busy") || strings.Contains(err.Error(), "is busy") {
			log.Printf("dataset %s still busy, trying force unmount again and retry destroy", name)
			// Try force unmount again
			forceUnmountArgs := []string{"umount", "-f", name}
			_, _ = s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, forceUnmountArgs...)
			time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
			// Retry destroy
			destroyOutput2, err2 := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, args...)
			if err2 != nil {
				log.Printf("second destroy attempt also failed for %s: %v (output: %s)", name, err2, destroyOutput2)
				return translateZFSError(err2, "menghapus dataset", name)
			} else {
				log.Printf("dataset %s destroyed successfully on second attempt", name)
				return nil
			}
		}
		return translateZFSError(err, "menghapus dataset", name)
	}
	log.Printf("dataset %s destroyed successfully", name)
	return nil
}

// UpdateDataset updates ZFS dataset properties
func (s *Service) UpdateDataset(name string, quota string, compression string, options map[string]string) error {
	// Update quota if provided
	if quota != "" {
		quotaValue := quota
		if quota == "none" || quota == "0" {
			quotaValue = "none"
		}
		args := []string{"set", fmt.Sprintf("quota=%s", quotaValue), name}
		if _, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, args...); err != nil {
			return translateZFSError(err, "mengupdate quota dataset", name)
		}
	}

	// Update compression if provided
	if compression != "" {
		args := []string{"set", fmt.Sprintf("compression=%s", compression), name}
		if _, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, args...); err != nil {
			return translateZFSError(err, "mengupdate compression dataset", name)
		}
	}

	// Update other options if provided
	if options != nil {
		for key, value := range options {
			args := []string{"set", fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", key, value), name}
			if _, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, args...); err != nil {
				return translateZFSError(err, fmt.Sprintf("mengupdate property %s dataset", key), name)
			}
		}
	}

	return nil
}

// ListZVOLs returns all ZVOLs
func (s *Service) ListZVOLs(pool string) ([]models.ZVOL, error) {
	args := []string{"list", "-H", "-o", "name,volsize,used", "-t", "volume"}
	if pool != "" {
		args = append(args, "-r", pool)
	} else {
		args = append(args, "-r")
	}

	output, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, args...)
	if err != nil {
		// Return empty slice instead of nil to ensure JSON encodes as [] not null
		return []models.ZVOL{}, err
	}

	zvols := []models.ZVOL{}
	lines := strings.Split(output, "\n")
	for _, line := range lines {
		if line == "" {
			continue
		}

		fields := strings.Fields(line)
		if len(fields) < 3 {
			continue
		}

		fullName := fields[0]
		parts := strings.Split(fullName, "/")
		poolName := parts[0]

		zvol := models.ZVOL{
			Name: fullName,
			Pool: poolName,
		}

		if size, err := parseSize(fields[1]); err == nil {
			zvol.Size = size
		}
		if used, err := parseSize(fields[2]); err == nil {
			zvol.Used = used
		}

		// Get creation time
		created, _ := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, "get", "-H", "-o", "value", "creation", fullName)
		if t, err := time.Parse("Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 2006", created); err == nil {
			zvol.CreatedAt = t
		}

		zvols = append(zvols, zvol)
	}

	return zvols, nil
}

// CreateZVOL creates a new ZVOL
func (s *Service) CreateZVOL(name string, size uint64, options map[string]string) error {
	args := []string{"create", "-V", fmt.Sprintf("%d", size)}

	for k, v := range options {
		args = append(args, "-o", fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", k, v))
	}

	args = append(args, name)
	_, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, args...)
	return err
}

// DestroyZVOL destroys a ZVOL
func (s *Service) DestroyZVOL(name string) error {
	_, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, "destroy", name)
	if err != nil {
		return translateZFSError(err, "menghapus volume", name)
	}
	return nil
}

// getUsedDisks returns a set of disk names that are currently used in ZFS pools
func (s *Service) getUsedDisks() map[string]bool {
	usedDisks := make(map[string]bool)

	// Get all pools
	pools, err := s.ListPools()
	if err != nil {
		log.Printf("warning: failed to list pools to check disk usage: %v", err)
		return usedDisks
	}

	// For each pool, get the status to see which disks are used
	for _, pool := range pools {
		// Get pool status which shows vdevs (disks)
		statusOutput, err := s.execCommand(s.zpoolPath, "status", pool.Name)
		if err != nil {
			log.Printf("warning: failed to get status for pool %s: %v", pool.Name, err)
			continue
		}

		// Parse status output to find disk names
		// Format: lines like "  sdb       ONLINE       0     0     0"
		lines := strings.Split(statusOutput, "\n")
		for _, line := range lines {
			line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
			// Skip empty lines and headers
			if line == "" || strings.HasPrefix(line, "NAME") || strings.HasPrefix(line, "state:") || strings.HasPrefix(line, "pool:") {
				continue
			}

			// Extract disk name (first field after indentation)
			fields := strings.Fields(line)
			if len(fields) > 0 {
				diskName := fields[0]
				// Check if it's a disk device (starts with sd, hd, nvme, etc.)
				if strings.HasPrefix(diskName, "sd") || strings.HasPrefix(diskName, "hd") || strings.HasPrefix(diskName, "nvme") {
					usedDisks[diskName] = true
				}
			}
		}
	}

	return usedDisks
}

// ListDisks returns available disks (read-only)
func (s *Service) ListDisks() ([]map[string]string, error) {
	// Use lsblk to list block devices
	output, err := s.execCommand("lsblk", "-J", "-o", "name,size,type,fstype,mountpoint")
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	var result struct {
		BlockDevices []struct {
			Name       string        `json:"name"`
			Size       string        `json:"size"`
			Type       string        `json:"type"`
			FSType     string        `json:"fstype"`
			Mountpoint string        `json:"mountpoint"`
			Children   []interface{} `json:"children"`
		} `json:"blockdevices"`
	}

	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(output), &result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Get list of disks currently used in pools
	usedDisks := s.getUsedDisks()

	var disks []map[string]string
	for _, dev := range result.BlockDevices {
		// Skip OS disk (sda) - typically the first disk used for OS installation
		if dev.Name == "sda" {
			continue
		}

		// Check if disk is used in a pool
		isUsed := usedDisks[dev.Name]

		// Include all disks (both available and used) so we can show status
		if dev.Type == "disk" {
			disk := map[string]string{
				"name":   dev.Name,
				"size":   dev.Size,
				"path":   "/dev/" + dev.Name,
				"status": "available",
			}

			if isUsed {
				disk["status"] = "unavailable"
			} else if dev.FSType != "" || dev.Mountpoint != "" {
				// Disk has filesystem or mountpoint (not suitable for ZFS pool)
				disk["status"] = "unavailable"
			}

			// Get SMART health info
			healthInfo := s.getDiskHealth(dev.Name)
			if healthInfo != nil {
				disk["health_status"] = healthInfo["status"]
				disk["health_temperature"] = healthInfo["temperature"]
				disk["health_power_on_hours"] = healthInfo["power_on_hours"]
				disk["health_reallocated_sectors"] = healthInfo["reallocated_sectors"]
				disk["health_pending_sectors"] = healthInfo["pending_sectors"]
			}

			disks = append(disks, disk)
		}
	}

	return disks, nil
}

// getDiskHealth retrieves SMART health information for a disk
func (s *Service) getDiskHealth(diskName string) map[string]string {
	health := make(map[string]string)
	diskPath := "/dev/" + diskName

	// Check if smartctl is available
	smartctlPath := "smartctl"
	if path, err := exec.LookPath("smartctl"); err != nil {
		// smartctl not available, skip health check
		return nil
	} else {
		smartctlPath = path
	}

	// Get overall health status
	cmd := exec.Command("sudo", "-n", smartctlPath, "-H", diskPath)
	output, err := cmd.Output()
	if err != nil {
		// Check if it's because SMART is not supported (common for virtual disks)
		// If exit code indicates unsupported, return nil (don't show health info)
		if exitError, ok := err.(*exec.ExitError); ok {
			exitCode := exitError.ExitCode()
			// Exit code 2 usually means "SMART not supported" or "device doesn't support SMART"
			if exitCode == 2 {
				return nil // Don't show health for unsupported devices
			}
		}
		// For other errors, also return nil (don't show unknown)
		return nil
	}

	outputStr := string(output)

	// Check if SMART is unsupported (common messages)
	if strings.Contains(outputStr, "SMART support is: Unavailable") ||
		strings.Contains(outputStr, "Device does not support SMART") ||
		strings.Contains(outputStr, "SMART not supported") ||
		strings.Contains(outputStr, "Unable to detect device type") ||
		strings.Contains(outputStr, "SMART support is: Disabled") {
		return nil // Don't show health for unsupported devices
	}

	// Parse health status - multiple possible formats:
	// - "SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED" or "FAILED"
	// - "SMART Health Status: OK"
	// - "SMART Status: OK" or "SMART Status: FAILED"
	if strings.Contains(outputStr, "PASSED") ||
		strings.Contains(outputStr, "SMART Health Status: OK") ||
		strings.Contains(outputStr, "SMART Status: OK") {
		health["status"] = "healthy"
	} else if strings.Contains(outputStr, "FAILED") ||
		strings.Contains(outputStr, "SMART Status: FAILED") {
		health["status"] = "failed"
	} else {
		// If we can't determine status but SMART is supported, return nil instead of unknown
		// This avoids showing "Unknown" for virtual disks or devices with unclear status
		return nil
	}

	// Get detailed SMART attributes
	cmd = exec.Command("sudo", "-n", smartctlPath, "-A", diskPath)
	attrOutput, err := cmd.Output()
	if err != nil {
		// Return what we have
		return health
	}

	attrStr := string(attrOutput)
	lines := strings.Split(attrStr, "\n")

	// Parse key attributes
	for _, line := range lines {
		fields := strings.Fields(line)
		if len(fields) < 10 {
			continue
		}

		// ID 194: Temperature_Celsius
		if strings.Contains(line, "194") && strings.Contains(line, "Temperature") {
			if len(fields) >= 9 {
				health["temperature"] = fields[9] + "°C"
			}
		}

		// ID 9: Power_On_Hours
		if strings.Contains(line, "9") && (strings.Contains(line, "Power_On") || strings.Contains(line, "Power-on")) {
			if len(fields) >= 9 {
				hours := fields[9]
				health["power_on_hours"] = hours
			}
		}

		// ID 5: Reallocated_Sector_Ct
		if strings.Contains(line, "5") && strings.Contains(line, "Reallocated") {
			if len(fields) >= 9 {
				health["reallocated_sectors"] = fields[9]
			}
		}

		// ID 197: Current_Pending_Sector
		if strings.Contains(line, "197") && strings.Contains(line, "Pending") {
			if len(fields) >= 9 {
				health["pending_sectors"] = fields[9]
			}
		}
	}

	return health
}

// parseSize converts human-readable size to bytes
func parseSize(s string) (uint64, error) {
	s = strings.TrimSpace(s)
	if s == "-" || s == "" {
		return 0, nil
	}

	multiplier := uint64(1)
	suffix := strings.ToUpper(s[len(s)-1:])

	switch suffix {
	case "K":
		multiplier = 1024
		s = s[:len(s)-1]
	case "M":
		multiplier = 1024 * 1024
		s = s[:len(s)-1]
	case "G":
		multiplier = 1024 * 1024 * 1024
		s = s[:len(s)-1]
	case "T":
		multiplier = 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024
		s = s[:len(s)-1]
	case "P":
		multiplier = 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024
		s = s[:len(s)-1]
	default:
		// Check if last char is a digit
		if suffix[0] < '0' || suffix[0] > '9' {
			return 0, fmt.Errorf("unknown suffix: %s", suffix)
		}
	}

	// Handle decimal values (e.g., "1.5G")
	if strings.Contains(s, ".") {
		val, err := strconv.ParseFloat(s, 64)
		if err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}
		return uint64(val * float64(multiplier)), nil
	}

	val, err := strconv.ParseUint(s, 10, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}

	return val * multiplier, nil
}

// ListSnapshots returns all snapshots for a dataset (or all if dataset is empty)
func (s *Service) ListSnapshots(dataset string) ([]models.Snapshot, error) {
	args := []string{"list", "-H", "-o", "name,used,creation", "-t", "snapshot", "-s", "creation"}
	if dataset != "" {
		args = append(args, "-r", dataset)
	} else {
		args = append(args, "-r")
	}

	output, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, args...)
	if err != nil {
		// Return empty slice instead of nil to ensure JSON encodes as [] not null
		return []models.Snapshot{}, err
	}

	snapshots := []models.Snapshot{}
	lines := strings.Split(output, "\n")
	for _, line := range lines {
		if line == "" {
			continue
		}

		fields := strings.Fields(line)
		if len(fields) < 3 {
			continue
		}

		fullName := fields[0]
		// Snapshot name format: dataset@snapshot
		parts := strings.Split(fullName, "@")
		if len(parts) != 2 {
			continue
		}

		datasetName := parts[0]

		snapshot := models.Snapshot{
			Name:    fullName,
			Dataset: datasetName,
		}

		// Parse size
		if used, err := parseSize(fields[1]); err == nil {
			snapshot.Size = used
		}

		// Parse creation time
		// ZFS creation format: "Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 2006"
		createdStr := strings.Join(fields[2:], " ")
		if t, err := time.Parse("Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 2006", createdStr); err == nil {
			snapshot.CreatedAt = t
		} else {
			// Try RFC3339 format if available
			if t, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, createdStr); err == nil {
				snapshot.CreatedAt = t
			}
		}

		snapshots = append(snapshots, snapshot)
	}

	return snapshots, nil
}

// CreateSnapshot creates a new snapshot
func (s *Service) CreateSnapshot(dataset, name string, recursive bool) error {
	args := []string{"snapshot"}
	if recursive {
		args = append(args, "-r")
	}

	snapshotName := fmt.Sprintf("%s@%s", dataset, name)
	args = append(args, snapshotName)

	_, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, args...)
	return err
}

// DestroySnapshot destroys a snapshot
func (s *Service) DestroySnapshot(name string, recursive bool) error {
	args := []string{"destroy"}
	if recursive {
		args = append(args, "-r")
	}
	args = append(args, name)
	_, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, args...)
	return err
}

// GetSnapshot returns snapshot details
func (s *Service) GetSnapshot(name string) (*models.Snapshot, error) {
	snapshots, err := s.ListSnapshots("")
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	for _, snap := range snapshots {
		if snap.Name == name {
			return &snap, nil
		}
	}

	return nil, fmt.Errorf("snapshot %s not found", name)
}

// RestoreSnapshot rolls back a dataset to a snapshot
func (s *Service) RestoreSnapshot(snapshotName string, force bool) error {
	args := []string{"rollback"}
	if force {
		args = append(args, "-r") // Recursive rollback for child datasets
	}
	args = append(args, snapshotName)

	_, err := s.execCommand(s.zfsPath, args...)
	if err != nil {
		return translateZFSError(err, "merestore snapshot", snapshotName)
	}
	return nil
}