6.3 KiB
6.3 KiB
SDS-04: Security Design
1. Security Overview
1.1 Security Principles
- Defense in Depth: Multiple layers of security
- Principle of Least Privilege: Minimum required permissions
- Secure by Default: Secure default configurations
- Input Validation: Validate all inputs
- Output Encoding: Encode all outputs
2. Authentication
2.1 Authentication Method
- JWT Tokens: JSON Web Tokens for stateless authentication
- Token Expiration: Configurable expiration time
- Token Refresh: Refresh token mechanism (future)
2.2 Password Security
- Hashing: bcrypt with cost factor 10
- Password Requirements: Minimum length, complexity
- Password Storage: Hashed passwords only, never plaintext
2.3 Session Management
- Stateless: No server-side session storage
- Token Storage: Secure storage in frontend (localStorage/sessionStorage)
- Token Validation: Validate on every request
3. Authorization
3.1 Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
- Roles: Admin, Operator, ReadOnly
- Permissions: Resource-based permissions (storage:read, storage:write)
- Role Assignment: Users assigned to roles
- Permission Inheritance: Permissions inherited from roles
3.2 Permission Model
Resource:Action
Examples:
- storage:read
- storage:write
- iscsi:read
- iscsi:write
- backup:read
- backup:write
- system:read
- system:write
3.3 Permission Checking
- Middleware: Permission middleware checks on protected routes
- Handler Level: Additional checks in handlers if needed
- Service Level: Business logic permission checks
4. Input Validation
4.1 Validation Layers
- Frontend: Client-side validation
- Handler: Request validation
- Service: Business logic validation
- Database: Constraint validation
4.2 Validation Rules
- Required Fields: Check for required fields
- Type Validation: Validate data types
- Format Validation: Validate formats (email, IP, etc.)
- Range Validation: Validate numeric ranges
- Length Validation: Validate string lengths
4.3 SQL Injection Prevention
- Parameterized Queries: Use parameterized queries only
- No String Concatenation: Never concatenate SQL strings
- Input Sanitization: Sanitize all inputs
5. Output Encoding
5.1 XSS Prevention
- HTML Encoding: Encode HTML in responses
- JSON Encoding: Proper JSON encoding
- Content Security Policy: CSP headers
5.2 Response Headers
Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
X-Frame-Options: DENY
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
6. HTTPS & TLS
6.1 TLS Configuration
- TLS Version: TLS 1.2 minimum
- Cipher Suites: Strong cipher suites only
- Certificate: Valid SSL certificate
6.2 HTTPS Enforcement
- Redirect HTTP to HTTPS: Force HTTPS
- HSTS: HTTP Strict Transport Security
7. Rate Limiting
7.1 Rate Limit Strategy
- IP-Based: Rate limit by IP address
- User-Based: Rate limit by authenticated user
- Endpoint-Based: Different limits per endpoint
7.2 Rate Limit Configuration
- Default: 100 requests/minute
- Authenticated: 200 requests/minute
- Strict Endpoints: Lower limits for sensitive endpoints
8. Audit Logging
8.1 Audit Events
- Authentication: Login, logout, failed login
- Authorization: Permission denied events
- Data Access: Read operations (configurable)
- Data Modification: Create, update, delete operations
- System Actions: System configuration changes
8.2 Audit Log Format
{
"id": "uuid",
"user_id": "uuid",
"action": "CREATE_SHARE",
"resource_type": "share",
"resource_id": "uuid",
"method": "POST",
"path": "/api/v1/shares",
"ip_address": "192.168.1.100",
"user_agent": "Mozilla/5.0...",
"request_body": {...},
"response_status": 201,
"created_at": "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z"
}
9. Error Handling
9.1 Error Information
- Public Errors: Safe error messages for users
- Private Errors: Detailed errors in logs only
- No Stack Traces: Never expose stack traces to users
9.2 Error Logging
- Log All Errors: Log all errors with context
- Sensitive Data: Never log passwords, tokens, secrets
- Error Tracking: Track error patterns
10. File Upload Security
10.1 Upload Restrictions
- File Types: Whitelist allowed file types
- File Size: Maximum file size limits
- File Validation: Validate file contents
10.2 Storage Security
- Secure Storage: Store in secure location
- Access Control: Restrict file access
- Virus Scanning: Scan uploaded files (future)
11. API Security
11.1 API Authentication
- Bearer Tokens: JWT in Authorization header
- Token Validation: Validate on every request
- Token Expiration: Enforce token expiration
11.2 API Rate Limiting
- Per IP: Rate limit by IP address
- Per User: Rate limit by authenticated user
- Per Endpoint: Different limits per endpoint
12. Database Security
12.1 Database Access
- Connection Security: Encrypted connections
- Credentials: Secure credential storage
- Least Privilege: Database user with minimum privileges
12.2 Data Encryption
- At Rest: Database encryption (future)
- In Transit: TLS for database connections
- Sensitive Data: Encrypt sensitive fields
13. System Security
13.1 Command Execution
- Whitelist: Only allow whitelisted commands
- Input Validation: Validate command inputs
- Output Sanitization: Sanitize command outputs
13.2 File System Access
- Path Validation: Validate all file paths
- Access Control: Restrict file system access
- Symlink Protection: Prevent symlink attacks
14. Security Headers
14.1 HTTP Security Headers
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
X-Frame-Options: DENY
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000
Referrer-Policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin
15. Security Monitoring
15.1 Security Events
- Failed Logins: Monitor failed login attempts
- Permission Denials: Monitor permission denials
- Suspicious Activity: Detect suspicious patterns
15.2 Alerting
- Security Alerts: Alert on security events
- Thresholds: Alert thresholds for suspicious activity
- Notification: Notify administrators